Understanding Fiber Optics and Integrated Photonics

The video explores the evolution of data transmission from copper wires to fiber optics, highlighting the mechanics of light travel through glass and the global impact of fiber optics on connectivity. It addresses challenges in cloud computing, such as heat waste and bandwidth demand, and introduces integrated photonics as a solution. The future role of light in technology is also discussed.

What was the significant achievement by Japanese and Danish researchers in 2012?

• Creating the first internet connection

• Developing the first copper wire for data transmission

• Transmitting 1 petabit of data over a 50-kilometer cable in a second

• Inventing the first fiber optic cable

What phenomenon allows light to travel through fiber optic cables?

• Dispersion

• Total internal reflection

• Diffraction

• Refraction

How do fiber optic signals compare to electrical or radio signals over long distances?

• They remain mostly intact

• They are more expensive

• They are slower

• They degrade significantly

What is the main advantage of fiber optics in global communication?

• It allows for faster data transmission over long distances

• It requires less maintenance

• It is easier to install

• It is cheaper than copper wires

What are the two main problems associated with cloud computing?

• Heat waste and bandwidth demand

• Security and privacy

• Cost and complexity

• Scalability and reliability

What technology is introduced to address the limitations of traditional electrical cables in data centers?

• Nanotechnology

• Artificial intelligence

• Quantum computing

• Integrated photonics

How do photonic chips improve data center efficiency?

• By increasing the size of servers

• By converting electrical signals to optical signals

• By using more electricity

• By reducing the number of servers

What frequency range is being explored to replace mobile gigahertz signals?

• Petahertz

• Terahertz

• Kilohertz

• Megahertz

What is a challenge of using terahertz frequencies for data transmission?

• They are too expensive

• They are absorbed by moisture and blocked by buildings

• They are slower than gigahertz frequencies

• They require more power

What role does optical fiber play in enhancing wireless connectivity?

• It acts as a stable middleman for relaying signals

• It replaces all wireless signals

• It reduces the speed of data transmission

• It increases the cost of connectivity