Volcanoes are geological formations found on continents and ocean floors, formed by molten material erupting from Earth's interior. They typically form over hotspots or at tectonic plate boundaries. Eruptions occur when pressure forces magma to the surface, becoming lava that cools into igneous rock. Volcanoes vary in shape and size, with composite and shield volcanoes being notable types. The Ring of Fire is a major volcanic region. Eruptions can create craters and calderas, and geothermal features like geysers. While destructive, volcanoes also reshape landscapes positively.

What is the term used for molten rock once it reaches the Earth's surface?

• Sediment

• Lava

• Magma

• Basalt

Which type of volcano is known for having the most violent eruptions?

• Cinder cone

• Lava dome

• Composite volcano

• Shield volcano

What is the name of the volcanic mountain chain that encircles the Pacific Ocean?

• The Ring of Fire

• The Pacific Ridge

• The Oceanic Loop

• The Volcanic Belt

What is a caldera?

• A type of lava flow

• A large volcanic crater

• A small volcanic island

• A type of volcanic rock

Which geothermal feature is created by volcanic activity heating groundwater?

• Basalt column

• Lava tube

• Volcanic ash

• Geyser