What is a Volcano?

Volcanoes form at plate boundaries where magma rises through cracks in the Earth's crust. Eruptions occur when pressure builds and magma explodes, forming lava that cools into rock. Volcanoes have a magma chamber, main vent, and crater. Eruptions can cause destruction but also contribute to Earth's atmosphere and carbon cycle. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct.

What primarily causes the formation of volcanoes along plate boundaries?

• The collision and separation of tectonic plates

• The movement of ocean currents

• The gravitational pull of the moon

• The rotation of the Earth

What is the name of the molten rock that reaches the Earth's surface during a volcanic eruption?

• Basalt

• Granite

• Lava

• Magma

Which part of a volcano allows magma to escape to the surface?

• Magma chamber

• Crater

• Main vent

• Secondary vent

What can result from the mixture of volcanic ash and mud with rainwater or snow?

• Landslides

• Earthquakes

• Mudflows

• Tsunamis

How do volcanoes contribute to the carbon cycle?

• By absorbing carbon dioxide

• By releasing carbon dioxide

• By converting carbon dioxide into oxygen

• By trapping carbon dioxide in rocks