Trigeminal Neuralgia (“Severe Facial Pain”): Causes, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

The video tutorial covers trigeminal neuralgia, a neurological condition causing facial pain. It discusses the epidemiology, noting its rarity and association with multiple sclerosis. The anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and the pathophysiology, including nerve compression and demyelination, are explained. Symptoms like sudden, intense facial pain and potential triggers are described. Diagnosis is often clinical, with MRI used to rule out tumors. Treatment options include medications like carbamazepine and surgical interventions for severe cases.

What is the prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia in the general population?

• 10% to 20%

• 0.16% to 0.3%

• 5% to 10%

• 1% to 2%

Which cranial nerve is affected in trigeminal neuralgia?

• Cranial nerve #3

• Cranial nerve #5

• Cranial nerve #7

• Cranial nerve #9

What is the most common cause of trigeminal nerve compression?

• Superior cerebellar artery

• Infections

• Tumors

• Trauma

Which area of the face is most often affected by trigeminal neuralgia?

• Nasal zone

• Maxillary zone

• Mandibular zone

• Ophthalmic zone

What type of pain is characteristic of trigeminal neuralgia?

• Mild and intermittent

• Shooting and electric

• Dull and throbbing

• Constant and aching

Which medication is commonly used as a first-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?

• Ibuprofen

• Carbamazepine

• Aspirin

• Paracetamol

What imaging technique is used to rule out secondary causes of trigeminal neuralgia?

• MRI

• X-ray

• Ultrasound

• CT scan