Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy

The video explores the philosophical debate between rationalism and empiricism, focusing on key figures like Descartes, Locke, and Berkeley. Descartes' rationalism emphasizes reason as the path to truth, while Locke's empiricism argues that knowledge comes from sensory experience. Berkeley challenges Locke by suggesting that only perceptions exist, leading to his idealist view that God is the ultimate perceiver. The video concludes with a preview of future discussions on knowledge and reality.

What philosophical approach did Descartes use to counter skepticism?

• Rationalism

• Empiricism

• Existentialism

• Materialism

According to John Locke, how is knowledge acquired?

• Through innate ideas

• Through divine revelation

• Through experience

• Through logical deduction

What are primary qualities according to Locke?

• Qualities that are subjective and vary from person to person

• Qualities that are inherent in the object itself

• Qualities that are perceived through emotions

• Qualities that are only imagined

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary quality by Locke?

• Shape

• Mass

• Color

• Solidity

What was Berkeley's conclusion about the existence of matter?

• Matter exists independently of perception

• Matter is an illusion created by the mind

• Matter is the only reality

• Matter is a divine creation

What does Berkeley's phrase 'esse est percepi' mean?

• To be is to be perceived

• To be is to be rational

• To be is to be experienced

• To be is to be imagined

According to Berkeley, who ensures the continuous existence of objects?

• Human perception

• The laws of physics

• God

• The collective consciousness