The video explains genetically modified organisms (GMOs), highlighting how DNA is altered using modern genetic techniques. It covers the history of selective breeding and the acceleration of genetic engineering today. The process of genetic modification is detailed, focusing on the role of bacteria and plasmids. Examples include the production of human insulin, spider silk from goats, and glow-in-the-dark organisms for research. The video concludes with the benefits of GMOs in agriculture and medicine.

What is one of the main advantages of using genetic engineering over traditional selective breeding?

• It is faster and more precise.

• It is more natural.

• It requires less technology.

• It is less expensive.

What is the primary role of plasmids in genetic modification?

• They are responsible for the color of bacteria.

• They help bacteria to reproduce.

• They contain genes that can be easily transferred between bacteria.

• They are the main source of energy for bacteria.

How is human insulin produced using genetic modification?

• By inserting the insulin gene into a bacterial plasmid.

• By breeding bacteria that naturally produce insulin.

• By extracting it directly from human cells.

• By synthesizing it chemically in a lab.

What unique material is produced by spider goats?

• Glow-in-the-dark fur

• Vitamin-enriched milk

• Pest-resistant wool

• Spider silk

Why are glow-in-the-dark animals used in scientific research?

• To develop new types of lighting.

• To create visually appealing pets.

• To study the effects of UV light on animals.

• To track and study specific cells in the dark.