X-Rays _ GCSE Physics

X-rays, part of the electromagnetic spectrum, have a small wavelength allowing them to penetrate tissues but are absorbed by dense materials like bones. They are used in medical imaging, such as diagnosing fractures and CT scans, which provide detailed 3D images. X-rays are ionizing radiation, posing risks like DNA damage and cancer, but can also treat cancer in radiotherapy. Radiographers follow safety protocols to minimize exposure. Interestingly, a flight from London to New York exposes you to more radiation than an X-ray.

What characteristic of X-rays allows them to be used in medical imaging?

• Their ability to reflect off surfaces

• Their small wavelength

• Their high energy levels

• Their color spectrum

How do CT scans differ from regular X-ray imaging?

• They are used only for dental issues

• They create 3D images from multiple angles

• They provide 2D images

• They use sound waves instead of radiation

What is a potential risk of exposure to X-rays?

• DNA damage leading to mutations

• Increased blood pressure

• Hearing impairment

• Loss of vision

Why do radiographers stand behind LED screens during X-ray procedures?

• To adjust the X-ray machine settings

• To enhance the image quality

• To avoid exposure to harmful radiation

• To communicate with the patient

How does the radiation exposure from an X-ray compare to a transatlantic flight?

• It is non-existent

• It is significantly lower

• It is about the same

• It is significantly higher