Unicellular Life Part 1: Bacteria

The video provides an overview of bacteria, highlighting their ubiquity and basic structure. It explains the differences between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, focusing on cell walls and gram staining. The video also covers bacterial movement, appendages, shapes, and genetic material. It discusses genetic exchange methods like transformation, transduction, and conjugation, and explains bacterial reproduction through binary fission. The video concludes by addressing genetic mutations and their role in bacterial diversity.

What is the primary structural difference between bacterial and animal cells?

• Animal cells have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while bacteria do not.

• Bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while animal cells do not.

• Animal cells have a cell wall, while bacteria do not.

• Bacteria have a nucleus, while animal cells do not.

How can gram-positive bacteria be identified under a microscope?

• They have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.

• They retain more of the violet stain due to a thick peptidoglycan layer.

• They appear pink after gram staining.

• They do not retain any stain.

What is the function of bacterial flagella?

• To protect the cell from antibiotics.

• To help the cell move.

• To transfer DNA between bacteria.

• To attach to surfaces.

Which bacterial shape is described as rod-shaped?

• Staphylococci

• Spirilla

• Bacilli

• Cocci

What is the process called when bacteria take in DNA from their surroundings?

• Conjugation

• Binary fission

• Transduction

• Transformation

How do bacteria reproduce?

• Through budding

• Through binary fission

• Through mitosis

• Through meiosis

What is a potential outcome of mutations during bacterial DNA replication?

• Mutations have no effect on bacterial survival.

• All mutations are harmful to bacteria.

• Mutations always increase bacterial survival.

• Mutations can either increase or hinder bacterial survival.