Heart Sounds Made Easy - S1, S2, S3, S4 and Murmurs (Systolic and Diastolic)

The video tutorial explains the causes and variations of heart sounds, focusing on the cardiac cycle and blood flow. It covers the phases of systole and diastole, and how these relate to the heart sounds S1 and S2. The tutorial also discusses additional heart sounds S3 and S4, which can indicate potential heart issues. Heart murmurs, their causes, and types are also explained, emphasizing the importance of professional evaluation for abnormal sounds.

What are the two main phases of the cardiac cycle?

• Contraction and Relaxation

• Lub and Dub

• Atria and Ventricles

• Systole and Diastole

What causes the first heart sound, S1?

• Contraction of the atria

• Opening of the aortic valve

• Blood rushing into the ventricles

• Closure of the atrioventricular valves

Which heart sound is typically heard in children and young adults?

• S4

• S2

• S1

• S3

What does the presence of an S4 sound typically indicate?

• Rapid blood flow

• Normal heart function

• Stiff ventricles

• Leaky valves

What is a heart murmur?

• A type of heart rhythm

• An abnormal heart sound

• A phase of the cardiac cycle

• A normal heart sound

During which phase do systolic murmurs occur?

• Systole

• After S2

• Diastole

• Between S1 and S2

What might a diastolic murmur indicate?

• A healthy heart rhythm

• A problem with the heart valves

• Normal heart function

• Rapid blood flow