Battle of Nicopolis, 48 BC Pontus challenges Rome

In 48 BC, Julius Caesar's authority in the East was challenged by Farnes, son of Mithradates. While Caesar was besieged in Alexandria, Demetrius Calvinus was tasked with defending Roman territories in Asia Minor. Despite extensive military preparations, Demetrius faced a strategic defeat at the Battle of Necropolis against Farnes. This defeat allowed Farnes to reclaim territories and act as a conqueror, exploiting Caesar's vulnerable position.

What was Julius Caesar's primary concern after his victory over the Senate's greatest general?

• Celebrating his victory

• Pursuing Pompey immediately

• Making important administrative decisions

• Returning to Rome

Who exploited Caesar's situation in Alexandria to seize territories?

• Pompey

• Farnes II

• Demetrius Calvinus

• Mithradati's Jupiter

What was Demetrius Calvinus's strategy to counter Farnes's advances?

• Seek reinforcements from Rome

• Prepare a strong military response

• Negotiate peace with Farnes

• Retreat to a safer location

How did Farnes attempt to gain an advantage over Demetrius near Necropolis?

• By launching a surprise attack

• By sending peace proposals

• By cutting off Roman supply lines

• By retreating to higher ground

Why did Demetrius reject Farnes's peace proposals?

• He was ordered by Caesar to reject them

• He wanted to attack immediately

• He believed Farnes was insincere

• He wanted to negotiate directly with Caesar

What was Farnes's strategy to delay Demetrius from aiding Caesar?

• Retreating to a fortified position

• Building defensive ditches

• Ambushing Roman reinforcements

• Attacking Roman supply lines

What was the outcome of the battle near Necropolis for the Romans?

• A stalemate

• A disastrous defeat

• A strategic retreat

• A decisive victory

What did Farnes do after his victory over Demetrius?

• Returned to his kingdom

• Invaded Pontus

• Sought peace with Rome

• Retreated to Lesser Armenia

What was the significance of the 36th Legion in the battle?

• They were the first to retreat

• They made a brave last stand

• They were outnumbered and defeated

• They switched sides during the battle

What was the impact of Farnes's victory on the local population in Pontus?

• They joined Farnes's army

• They were subjected to atrocities

• They fled to neighboring regions

• They were liberated