Anatomy & Physiology of Gustation

The video explores the primitive senses of taste and smell, focusing on the anatomy and function of taste buds and receptors. It details the five major taste types: sweet, umami, bitter, salty, and sour, and explains the biochemical signaling pathways involved in taste perception. The video also covers the neural pathways that transmit taste information to the brain, highlighting the roles of different cranial nerves.

Which structure is primarily associated with taste perception?

• Nose

• Tongue

• Ears

• Eyes

What is the function of basal cells in taste buds?

• They produce saliva

• They replace damaged taste receptor cells

• They transmit taste signals to the brain

• They detect taste molecules

What is the role of gustatory hairs in taste perception?

• They are involved in hearing

• They contain receptors for specific tastes

• They produce saliva

• They detect light

Which taste is associated with the amino acid glutamate?

• Bitter

• Sweet

• Sour

• Umami

What type of receptor is involved in detecting sweet, umami, and bitter tastes?

• Nuclear receptor

• G protein-coupled receptor

• Ion channel

• Enzyme-linked receptor

Which molecule is released by sweet, umami, and bitter taste receptor cells to activate neurons?

• ATP

• Serotonin

• Glutamate

• Dopamine

What ion is primarily responsible for the sour taste sensation?

• Sodium

• Hydrogen

• Calcium

• Potassium

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting taste information from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?

• Trigeminal nerve

• Vagus nerve

• Facial nerve

• Glossopharyngeal nerve

What is the primary neurotransmitter released by salty and sour taste receptor cells?

• Glutamate

• ATP

• Serotonin

• Dopamine

Which part of the brain is responsible for processing taste information?

• Cerebellum

• Amygdala

• Gustatory cortex

• Hippocampus