tRNA Processing 2: Splicing

The video tutorial explains the complex process of tRNA splicing, which involves five key enzymes: tRNA endonuclease, cyclic phosphodiesterase, adenylate synthetase, exon ligase, and 2' phosphotransferase. The process begins with the initial substrate, an intermediate tRNA, and involves the removal of introns and the joining of exons to form a mature tRNA. Each enzyme plays a specific role in modifying the tRNA structure, ultimately leading to the formation of an anticodon loop that interacts with mRNA codons during protein synthesis.

Which of the following enzymes is NOT involved in the tRNA splicing strategy?

• tRNA endonuclease

• Cyclic phosphodiesterase

• Adenylate synthetase

• DNA polymerase

What is the primary function of tRNA endonuclease in the splicing process?

• To synthesize adenylate

• To ligate the exons together

• To remove the intron from the tRNA

• To add a phosphate group to the exon

What does cyclic phosphodiesterase do during tRNA splicing?

• It ligates the exons

• It removes the intron

• It hydrolyzes the cyclic phosphate

• It phosphorylates the exon

Which enzyme is responsible for attaching an adenylate group to the exon?

• tRNA endonuclease

• Cyclic phosphodiesterase

• Exon ligase

• Adenylate synthetase

What is the role of exon ligase in the tRNA splicing process?

• To hydrolyze the cyclic phosphate

• To attach an adenylate group

• To remove the intron

• To ligate the exons together

How does 2' phosphotransferase contribute to the final steps of tRNA splicing?

• It removes the phosphate from the 2' position

• It adds a phosphate to the 3' position

• It ligates the exons

• It synthesizes adenylate

What is the significance of the anticodon loop in mature tRNA?

• It hydrolyzes the cyclic phosphate

• It adds a phosphate group

• It removes the intron

• It interacts with the mRNA codon