Logic in Late Ancient Philosophy

The video explores the evolution of logic from Aristotle's Peripatetic school to the Stoics. It covers the contributions of Theophrastus and Utimus, the development of Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens, and Pyrrhonism's critique of knowledge. Agrippa's trilemma is discussed, highlighting foundationalism, coherentism, and infinite regress. The Dialectician school and Stoics advanced propositional logic, with Chrysippus making significant contributions. The video concludes with a transition to medieval philosophy.

Who were the main contributors to the early developments in logic after Aristotle?

• Hume and Locke

• Descartes and Kant

• Theophrastus and Utimus

• Plato and Socrates

What is the main idea behind Agrippa's trilemma?

• It proposes three modes of argumentation.

• It presents three alternatives for knowledge justification.

• It suggests three types of logical fallacies.

• It describes three methods of scientific inquiry.

Which school developed a theory of meaning where everything said had only one correct interpretation?

• Epicurean School

• Dialectician School

• Stoic School

• Peripatetic School

What is the significance of the Master Argument in ancient logic?

• It was the first argument to use syllogism.

• It challenged the necessity of past truths.

• It was the basis for modern scientific methods.

• It introduced the concept of infinite regress.

What was the Stoics' view on the nature of propositions?

• Propositions are always ambiguous.

• Propositions can be true, false, or unknowable.

• Propositions are either true or false.

• Propositions are only true if verified by a sage.

Which philosopher is considered the second greatest logician in history according to the text?

• Chrysippus

• Socrates

• Aristotle

• Plato

How did the Stoics view the relationship between reason and knowledge?

• Knowledge is independent of reason.

• Knowledge is purely intuitive.

• Reason is essential for asserting truth.

• Reason is unnecessary for true knowledge.