Julius Caesar 5.3 Historical Reference: A Roman Legion’s Battle Ensign

The transcript discusses the importance of the Legion's standard, both as a symbol and a practical tool in battle. It served as a rallying point and was used to signal commands. Losing the standard indicated defeat, leading to drastic actions to maintain morale and order.

What was one of the symbolic roles of the Legion's standard?

• To serve as a weapon in battle

• To act as a shield

• To represent the spirit of the Legion

• To provide food supplies

How did the standard help in battlefield communication?

• By changing colors

• By making loud noises

• By being visible from anywhere on the battlefield

• By sending smoke signals

What command could the standard signal to the troops?

• To retreat

• To hold the line

• To build a camp

• To surrender

What did a captured or retreating standard indicate?

• Certain defeat

• A need for reinforcements

• A change in leadership

• A successful maneuver

Why did Cassius kill his retreating standard bearer?

• To punish him for cowardice

• To prevent the standard from falling into enemy hands

• To keep his battle line firm

• To set an example for others