Solids, Liquids and Gases

The video explains the discovery of Brownian motion, initially observed by Robert Brown and later explained by Albert Einstein as the result of water molecules colliding with pollen grains. This phenomenon is part of the kinetic theory of matter, which states that all matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion. The video further explores the states of matter—solids, liquids, and gases—highlighting the differences in particle arrangement, movement, and forces of attraction. Brownian motion is observable in both liquids and gases due to their free-moving particles.

Who was the scientist that explained the cause of Brownian motion?

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

• Niels Bohr

• James Clerk Maxwell

What does the kinetic theory of matter suggest about particles?

• They are in constant motion

• They are stationary

• They are only found in solids

• They do not interact with each other

In which state of matter are particles packed closely in a regular pattern?

• Plasma

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Why can gases be compressed into a smaller volume?

• Because particles are tightly packed

• Because particles are far apart with empty space

• Because particles have strong attraction forces

• Because particles are in a fixed position

What allows liquids to flow?

• Particles are fixed in place

• Particles have no attraction forces

• Particles can slide over one another

• Particles are far apart