The video tutorial explains how sounds are converted into electrical signals for landlines and how mobile phone conversations use microwaves for transmission. It highlights the advantages of microwaves over radio waves, such as higher frequency and smaller transmitters, but also addresses their limitations in diffraction. Base stations are introduced as a solution to these limitations, operating in cells to manage call transmission. The tutorial concludes with an explanation of how base stations function in both rural and urban settings, ensuring connectivity.

What is the primary advantage of using microwaves over radio waves in mobile communication?

• They are less expensive to produce.

• They can carry more information.

• They have a longer wavelength.

• They are more environmentally friendly.

Why do microwaves face challenges in traveling long distances?

• They require more power to transmit.

• They are blocked by tall buildings.

• They do not diffract well over landscapes.

• They are absorbed by the atmosphere.

What is the function of a base station in mobile communication?

• To store data for mobile networks.

• To receive and transmit microwave signals.

• To increase the frequency of microwaves.

• To convert sound into electrical signals.

How are base stations distributed in urban areas compared to rural areas?

• They are more widely spaced in urban areas.

• They are closer together in urban areas.

• They are only found in urban areas.

• They are evenly spaced in both areas.

What might cause an inability to make or receive calls on a mobile phone?

• The SIM card is not inserted.

• The phone is in airplane mode.

• There is no base station nearby.

• The phone is out of battery.