Did You Know? The Iran-Iraq War

The Iraq War, lasting from 1980 to 1988, was initiated by Iraq's territorial ambitions and political disagreements with Iran. Iraq, led by Saddam Hussein, invaded Iran, aiming to control the Shatt al-Arab River and seize oil-rich regions. Despite initial successes, Iraq faced strong Iranian resistance. The war continued with Iraq receiving support from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and tacit backing from the US and Soviet Union, while Iran was supported by Libya and Syria. After years of conflict and economic strain, a UN-mediated ceasefire was accepted in 1988. Casualties were high, with estimates ranging from 1 to 2 million. Diplomatic relations resumed in 1990, with territorial adjustments and prisoner exchanges.

What was one of the main reasons for Iraq's invasion of Iran in 1980?

• To establish a democratic government in Iran

• To support Iran's new Islamic government

• To gain control over the Shatt al-Arab River

• To form an alliance with Iran

Which city did Iraq initially capture during the invasion?

• Baghdad

• Khorramshahr

• Basra

• Tehran

Which countries provided financial support to Iraq during the war?

• France and Germany

• Saudi Arabia and Kuwait

• Libya and Syria

• United States and Soviet Union

What was a significant factor that led Iran to accept a ceasefire in 1988?

• Iran's military superiority

• Iran's desire to expand its territory

• Iraq's battlefield gains and Iran's economic struggles

• Pressure from the United States

What happened between Iraq and Iran in August 1990?

• They signed a trade agreement

• They declared war again

• They resumed diplomatic relations

• They formed a military alliance