Neurons

This tutorial by Nicole from Ken Hub explores the histology of neurons, examining their structure and function at a microscopic level. It covers the main components of neurons, such as the cell body, dendrites, and axons, and delves into the details of structures like the nucleus and Nissl bodies. The video also discusses the differences between myelinated and unmyelinated axons and classifies neurons based on their shape into multipolar, bipolar, unipolar, and pseudounipolar types. Finally, it addresses the clinical condition of multiple sclerosis, highlighting its effects on the central nervous system.

What is the primary function of efferent neurons?

• To carry information from the brain to tissues

• To carry information from tissues to the brain

• To process information within the brain

• To store information in the brain

Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving information?

• Axon

• Cell body

• Dendrites

• Nucleus

What is the main purpose of the myelin sheath?

• To store nutrients for the neuron

• To increase the speed of impulse transmission

• To protect the neuron from damage

• To provide structural support to the neuron

How can you differentiate axons from dendrites?

• Axons are usually longer and run a straighter course

• Axons are shorter than dendrites

• Axons originate from the dendritic spines

• Axons have more branches than dendrites

Which type of neuron is most common in the brain and spinal cord?

• Pseudounipolar neurons

• Unipolar neurons

• Multipolar neurons

• Bipolar neurons

Where are bipolar neurons typically found?

• In the dorsal root ganglia

• In the sensory systems like vision and smell

• In the peripheral nerves

• In the brain and spinal cord

What is a unique feature of pseudounipolar neurons?

• They are only found in the brain

• They have a single projection that bifurcates

• They do not have a cell body

• They have multiple axons

What is the primary effect of multiple sclerosis on the nervous system?

• It causes the destruction of myelin sheaths

• It strengthens the axons

• It increases the production of myelin

• It enhances the speed of nerve impulses

What role do macrophages play in multiple sclerosis?

• They produce myelin

• They attack healthy neurons

• They clean up cellular debris

• They form new synapses

Which of the following is a symptom of multiple sclerosis?

• Problems with sensation and movement

• Enhanced balance

• Increased muscle strength

• Improved vision