Specific Hormones | Functions of Growth Hormone (hGH)

The video explains the functions of human growth hormone (HGH), detailing its release from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland. It highlights HGH's role in increasing nutrient availability for ATP and protein synthesis, affecting adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and bone. The hormone stimulates lipolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis, enhancing glucose and amino acid uptake. It also promotes protein synthesis and bone density. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are discussed, including their feedback mechanism on growth hormone release. The video concludes with a preview of thyroid hormones.

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the release of human growth hormone?

• It inhibits the release of HGH.

• It stores HGH for later use.

• It generates growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).

• It directly releases HGH into the bloodstream.

What is the main goal of growth hormone in the body?

• To inhibit muscle growth.

• To increase fat storage.

• To enhance nutrient availability for ATP and protein synthesis.

• To decrease blood glucose levels.

How does growth hormone affect adipose tissue?

• It reduces the number of fat cells.

• It converts fatty acids into proteins.

• It stimulates lipolysis, breaking down triglycerides into fatty acids.

• It promotes fat storage.

Which process in the liver is stimulated by growth hormone to increase blood glucose levels?

• Glycolysis

• Gluconeogenesis

• Protein synthesis

• Lipogenesis

What effect does growth hormone have on skeletal muscle cells?

• It decreases glucose uptake.

• It increases glucose and amino acid uptake, enhancing protein synthesis.

• It reduces protein synthesis.

• It inhibits muscle cell growth.

How does growth hormone contribute to bone health?

• It reduces the length of bones.

• It decreases bone mineral density.

• It inhibits chondrogenesis.

• It stimulates increased glucose uptake and protein synthesis in bone cells.

What is the relationship between growth hormone and bone mineral density?

• Higher growth hormone levels decrease bone mineral density.

• Growth hormone has no effect on bone mineral density.

• Higher growth hormone levels increase bone mineral density, helping prevent osteoporosis.

• Growth hormone only affects bone length, not density.

What is the role of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in the body?

• They decrease glucose uptake in cells.

• They increase glucose and amino acid uptake, similar to growth hormone.

• They reduce the effects of growth hormone.

• They inhibit protein synthesis.

How do IGFs regulate the release of growth hormone?

• They increase the production of growth hormone.

• They have no effect on growth hormone release.

• They inhibit the release of growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) when IGF levels are high.

• They stimulate the release of GHRH.

What will be the focus of the next video following the discussion on growth hormone?

• The effects of insulin on blood sugar.

• The functions of thyroid hormones.

• The role of adrenaline in stress response.

• The impact of cortisol on metabolism.