The 8 Smartest People of the Year: 2013's Nobel Winners

The video covers the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Francois Englair and Peter Higgs for their theory on the Higgs boson, which explains how particles acquire mass. It also discusses the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Ari Vorchel for their work on computer models of chemical reactions, and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to James E Rothman, Randy W Sheckman, and Thomas C Sudoff for their research on vesicle transport mechanisms in cells.

What fundamental concept did Francois Englair and Peter Higgs propose that was later confirmed by the discovery of a specific particle?

• Quantum entanglement

• The existence of dark matter

• The theory of relativity

• The Higgs field and boson

What was the main achievement of Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Ari Vorchel that earned them the Nobel Prize in Chemistry?

• Discovering a new chemical reaction

• Creating a new type of chemical bond

• Modeling complex chemical reactions on computers

• Developing a new element

Which principle did Karplus and Vorchel incorporate into their computer models to improve the accuracy of chemical reaction predictions?

• Classical chemistry

• Newtonian mechanics

• Thermodynamics

• Quantum physics

What cellular structures did James E Rothman, Randy W Sheckman, and Thomas C Sudoff study to understand material transport within cells?

• Ribosomes

• Vesicles

• Nuclei

• Mitochondria

What did Sudoff discover about the timing of vesicle activity in nerve cells?

• It is influenced by external magnetic fields

• It is regulated by calcium ions

• It is controlled by temperature changes

• It is random and unpredictable