Medial plantar muscles of the foot (3D)

This video tutorial explores the anatomy and functions of three medial plantar muscles of the foot: the abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, and adductor hallucis. It discusses their origins, insertions, and roles in foot movement, particularly focusing on the big toe. The video also covers the nerve supply to these muscles and their importance in supporting the foot's arches. The tutorial concludes with a recap of the muscles' functions and their significance in foot mechanics.

Which muscle is primarily responsible for the abduction of the big toe?

• Tibialis posterior

• Abductor hallucis

• Adductor hallucis

• Flexor hallucis brevis

Where does the abductor hallucis muscle originate?

• Medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity

• Lateral cuneiform bone

• Cuboid bone

• Tendon of the fibularis longus

What is unique about the flexor hallucis brevis muscle's tendon?

• It has no sesamoid bones

• It is bifurcate or fork-like

• It is attached to the medial cuneiform

• It originates from the cuboid bone

Which layer of the plantar muscles does the flexor hallucis brevis belong to?

• Fourth layer

• Third layer

• Second layer

• First layer

The adductor hallucis muscle is composed of how many heads?

• Four

• Three

• Two

• One

Which head of the adductor hallucis supports the transverse arch of the foot?

• Lateral head

• Medial head

• Transverse head

• Oblique head

What is the primary joint affected by the medial plantar muscles?

• Tarsometatarsal joint

• Interphalangeal joint

• Metatarsophalangeal joint

• Ankle joint

Which nerve innervates the abductor hallucis muscle?

• Tibial nerve

• Sural nerve

• Medial plantar nerve

• Lateral plantar nerve

What is the function of the flexor hallucis brevis muscle?

• Extension of the big toe

• Flexion of the big toe

• Adduction of the big toe

• Abduction of the big toe

Which muscle assists in supporting the longitudinal arch of the foot?

• Flexor hallucis brevis

• Adductor hallucis

• All of the above

• Abductor hallucis