Trends in Physical Properties of Group 13 Elements

The video tutorial covers the properties and trends of Group 13 elements, including boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, and thallium. It discusses their electronic configurations, atomic and ionic radii, melting and boiling points, ionization enthalpy, electronegativity, metallic character, and density. The tutorial explains how these properties change down the group and compares them with Group 2 elements. Key points include the unusual crystal structures affecting melting points, the shielding effect influencing atomic radii, and the trends in ionization enthalpy and electronegativity.

Which element in Group 13 has an atomic number of 31?

• Indium

• Boron

• Aluminium

• Gallium

What is the reason for the irregular trend in melting points of Group 13 elements?

• Unusual crystal structures

• Consistent crystal structures

• Increasing atomic size

• Decreasing atomic size

Why is the first ionization enthalpy of gallium slightly higher than that of aluminium?

• Greater atomic size

• Lower nuclear charge

• More electron shells

• Higher effective nuclear charge

How does electronegativity change from aluminium to gallium in Group 13?

• It fluctuates

• It remains constant

• It decreases

• It increases

Which element in Group 13 is known for having the highest sum of the first three ionization enthalpies?

• Thallium

• Gallium

• Aluminium

• Boron

What is the trend in metallic character as you move down Group 13?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It remains constant

• It fluctuates

Why is aluminium an exception in terms of density among Group 13 elements?

• It has a high density

• It has a low density

• It has a low atomic mass

• It has a high atomic mass