Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase Charging the Amino Acid

The video tutorial covers the processes of transcription and translation, focusing on the roles of mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomal RNA. It explains the movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and the interaction between mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons. The concept of the wobble base is introduced, highlighting its role in tRNA binding flexibility. The function of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase is detailed, including the differences between Class I and II synthetases and their mechanisms for attaching amino acids to tRNA.

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

• Mitochondria

• Rough ER

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

• Carries genetic information

• Binds and carries amino acids to the ribosome

• Synthesizes proteins

• Replicates DNA

What is the complementary anticodon for the mRNA codon AUC?

• UAG

• AUG

• GUA

• CGA

What is the wobble position in a codon?

• Second position

• Third position

• First position

• Fourth position

What is an aminoacyl tRNA?

• A tRNA without an amino acid

• A tRNA with a ribose sugar

• A tRNA with a phosphate group

• A tRNA with an attached amino acid

How is the amino acid attached to the tRNA?

• Through a peptide bond

• Through a hydrogen bond

• Through a glycosidic bond

• Through an ester linkage

What enzyme is responsible for attaching amino acids to tRNA?

• Ribosome

• Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

• RNA polymerase

• DNA polymerase

Which class of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases directly attaches the amino acid to the 3' OH of tRNA?

• Class III

• Class I

• Class II

• Class IV

What is the purpose of charging the tRNA?

• To replicate DNA

• To activate the amino acid for protein synthesis

• To transcribe RNA

• To degrade proteins

What is the result of the transesterification process in class I aminoacyl tRNA synthetases?

• Amino acid is removed from tRNA

• Amino acid is attached to the 2' OH

• Amino acid is attached to the 3' OH

• Amino acid is attached to the 5' OH