Life in Tsarist Russia: A German traveller in the 16th Century

The transcript provides a detailed account of Russia's harsh climate, social customs, and military practices during the time of Sigismund von Herberstein. It describes the severe winters and heatwaves that affected the region, the social hierarchy and customs in Moscow, and the gender roles that limited women's freedoms. Herberstein's observations offer insights into Russian military tactics and conflicts with neighboring regions. The text also highlights cultural practices, dining customs, and the emergence of stereotypes such as the Russian bear.

What was one of the consequences of the severe winter described in the text?

• Increased agricultural production

• Courtiers found frozen in their carriages

• A rise in population

• Improved trade routes

Why did Prince Vasili build a new city for his courtiers?

• To improve trade

• To separate nobility from common people

• To create a military base

• To establish a cultural center

What was a common practice regarding sons in Moscow's social structure?

• Sons were trained as soldiers from birth

• Sons were sent abroad for education

• Sons were sold multiple times by their fathers

• Sons were given land at birth

How were women typically viewed in Moscow according to the text?

• As virtuous only if they stayed at home

• As primary breadwinners

• As equals to men

• As leaders in the community

What was the reaction of the German blacksmith's wife when he showed affection?

• She was upset

• She was pleased

• She was indifferent

• She was confused

What was a key challenge for the Russian military as described in the text?

• Inability to use cannons effectively

• Insufficient funding

• Lack of soldiers

• Poor leadership

What was the role of the boyars in the Russian military?

• They were exempt from military service

• They were conscripted for census duties

• They led the infantry

• Their sons were conscripted for military service

What was a common dining custom among Russian nobility?

• Serving guests with silverware

• Offering bread to express favor

• Using wooden plates

• Eating in silence

What was a unique aspect of Russian hunting traditions?

• Hunting was done on foot

• Dogs were considered unclean

• Only the Prince could hunt

• Hunting was forbidden

What was a common practice during Russian drinking customs?

• Drinks were served in wooden cups

• Toasts were made to dignitaries

• Drinking was done in private

• Refusing a drink was acceptable