Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism

The video explores the regulation of fatty acid synthesis and its interplay with catabolism, focusing on key enzymes and their control in fed and fasting states. It highlights the role of insulin in activating enzymes during the fed state and the inhibition of these enzymes during fasting or exercise. The video also discusses the importance of acetyl CoA carboxylase as a regulatory point and the mechanisms of hormonal and allosteric regulation.

What are the three major control points in fatty acid metabolism?

• Enzymes involved in protein synthesis

• Enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis

• Enzymes involved in DNA replication

• Enzymes involved in glycolysis

In the Fed state, which hormone is primarily responsible for upregulating citrate lyase?

• Insulin

• Epinephrine

• Cortisol

• Glucagon

What is the committed step in fatty acid synthesis?

• Conversion of glucose to pyruvate

• Conversion of citrate to acetyl CoA

• Conversion of pyruvate to lactate

• Conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA

Which molecule allosterically activates acetyl CoA carboxylase?

• Glucose

• Citrate

• Palmitate

• ATP

During fasting or exercise, which enzyme is inhibited to prevent fatty acid synthesis?

• Pyruvate dehydrogenase

• Fatty acid synthase

• Citrate lyase

• Acetyl CoA carboxylase

Which hormone is released during exercise to signal a low energy state?

• Insulin

• Glucagon

• Epinephrine

• Thyroxine

What role does AMPK play in fatty acid metabolism?

• It promotes protein synthesis

• It converts glucose to glycogen

• It inhibits fatty acid synthesis

• It activates fatty acid synthesis

What is the effect of palmitoyl CoA on acetyl CoA carboxylase?

• It activates the enzyme

• It converts the enzyme to another form

• It inhibits the enzyme

• It has no effect

How does malonyl CoA affect beta oxidation?

• It activates beta oxidation

• It inhibits beta oxidation

• It has no effect on beta oxidation

• It converts beta oxidation to glycolysis

Why is malonyl CoA important during fatty acid synthesis?

• It inhibits fatty acid catabolism

• It converts acetyl CoA to citrate

• It is a precursor for glucose

• It activates protein synthesis