Practice Problem: Ionization Energy

The video tutorial explores the concept of ionization energy, focusing on ordering processes by increasing ionization energy. It compares the first ionization energies of thallium and aluminum, explaining why thallium's is lower due to its larger atomic size. The tutorial then discusses successive ionization energies of aluminum, highlighting the increasing difficulty of removing electrons as the atom becomes more positively charged. Finally, it compares the third ionization energy of aluminum with the second of sodium, emphasizing the stability of noble gas configurations and the challenges of moving away from them.

What is the main task in the ionization energy practice problem?

• Calculate the ionization energy of each element.

• Identify the elements with the highest ionization energy.

• Explain the concept of ionization energy.

• Order the given processes by increasing ionization energy.

Why is the first ionization energy of thallium less than that of aluminum?

• Thallium has fewer protons than aluminum.

• Thallium's outer electron is closer to the nucleus.

• Thallium's outer electron is further from the nucleus.

• Aluminum has more electron shells than thallium.

What happens to ionization energy as more electrons are removed from an atom?

• It remains constant regardless of the number of electrons removed.

• It fluctuates depending on the element.

• It increases because the atom becomes more positively charged.

• It decreases because the atom becomes more stable.

What is the electron configuration of aluminum after losing two electrons?

• It has the electron configuration of argon.

• It has the electron configuration of magnesium.

• It has the electron configuration of sodium.

• It has the electron configuration of neon.

Why is the second ionization energy of sodium much larger than the third ionization energy of aluminum?

• Sodium is moving away from a stable electron configuration.

• Sodium is moving towards a noble gas configuration.

• Aluminum is moving away from a noble gas configuration.

• Aluminum is moving towards a less stable configuration.

What is the electron configuration of sodium after losing one electron?

• It has the electron configuration of lithium.

• It has the electron configuration of neon.

• It has the electron configuration of magnesium.

• It has the electron configuration of argon.

Which process is more favorable: aluminum 2+ to aluminum 3+ or sodium+ to sodium 2+?

• Aluminum 2+ to aluminum 3+ because it achieves a noble gas configuration.

• Sodium+ to sodium 2+ because it achieves a noble gas configuration.

• Both processes are equally favorable.

• Neither process is favorable.