Alkanes - Crash Course Organic Chemistry

This video explores the science of candles and alkanes, highlighting their role in the economy and their chemical properties. It explains the distillation process to separate alkanes from crude oil and introduces the concept of conformations using Newman projections. The video also covers butane conformers, cycloalkanes, and the importance of conformations in chemical reactions.

What is the process called that allows liquid wax to move up the wick of a candle?

• Evaporation

• Osmosis

• Capillary action

• Diffusion

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alkanes?

• Lack of functional groups

• Hydrophobic

• Non-polar

• Highly reactive

What is the main source of alkanes?

• Fossil fuels

• Solar energy

• Natural gas

• Biomass

In a Newman projection, what is the angle called between two hydrogens on adjacent carbons?

• Linear angle

• Torsional angle

• Dihedral angle

• Bond angle

Which conformation of butane has the highest energy due to torsional strain?

• Anti-conformer

• Gauche conformer

• Eclipsed conformer

• Totally eclipsed conformer

What is the term for the resistance to twisting in molecular conformations?

• Linear strain

• Angular strain

• Radial strain

• Torsional strain

What is the term for the conformation where two methyl groups are 180 degrees apart in butane?

• Gauche conformer

• Totally eclipsed conformer

• Eclipsed conformer

• Anti-conformer

What is the smallest cycloalkane?

• Cyclohexane

• Cyclobutane

• Cyclopropane

• Cyclopentane

What is the combination of angular strain and torsional strain in cycloalkanes called?

• Bond strain

• Ring strain

• Molecular strain

• Structural strain

Which cycloalkane is considered strain-free due to effective puckering?

• Cyclopentane

• Cyclohexane

• Cyclobutane

• Cyclopropane