Biofluorescence: A Neon World Hidden in Plain Sight

The video explores biofluorescence, a trait found in various organisms, including fish, amphibians, and even flying squirrels. It explains how fluorescence differs from pigmentation, involving the emission of new light. The evolution of fluorescent proteins is discussed, with theories on convergent evolution and gene transfer. Fluorescence serves various functions, such as camouflage, communication, and UV protection. While plants also fluoresce, it may not always be beneficial. The potential of fluorescence as a bio-signature for detecting life in the universe is also considered.

Which of the following organisms is mentioned as having a neon pink glow?

• Chameleon

• Jellyfish

• Flying squirrel

• Firefly

What is the primary difference between pigments and fluorescence in organisms?

• Pigments absorb light, while fluorescence emits new light.

• Pigments are always red, while fluorescence is always green.

• Pigments are found only in plants, while fluorescence is in animals.

• Pigments reflect all light, while fluorescence absorbs all light.

What is a key structural feature of many fluorescent chemicals in animals?

• Single carbon chain

• Silicon base

• Several carbon rings

• Metallic core

What evolutionary phenomenon might explain the presence of similar fluorescent proteins in unrelated animals?

• Convergent evolution

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Artificial selection

How do shallow water corals use fluorescence?

• To attract prey

• As a sunscreen for their symbiotic algae

• To scare away predators

• To communicate with other corals

What unique ability might scorpions have due to their fluorescence?

• Sensing moonlight

• Detecting sound waves

• Generating heat

• Producing electricity

What potential role could fluorescence play in the search for extraterrestrial life?

• As a biosignature in light reflected from planets

• As a method to communicate with aliens

• As a way to power spacecraft

• As a tool to terraform planets