“Colon Cancer That Runs in Families” (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis), APC Gene, Symptoms, Treatment

The video tutorial covers Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), an inheritable condition with a high risk of colorectal cancer due to mutations in the APC gene. It explains the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, the early onset of polyps and cancer, and the clinical features, including both colonic and extra-colonic manifestations. The tutorial also discusses diagnostic methods, such as genetic testing and family history, and treatment options, including prophylactic surgeries. The importance of early screening and management strategies to mitigate cancer risk is emphasized.

What is the genetic basis of familial adenomatous polyposis?

• Mutation in the TP53 gene

• Mutation in the BRCA1 gene

• Mutation in the APC gene

• Mutation in the MYH gene

At what average age do patients with FAP typically develop polyposis?

• 10 years

• 16 years

• 25 years

• 39 years

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with colorectal carcinoma in FAP patients?

• Iron deficiency anemia

• Changes in bowel habits

• Weight gain

• Abdominal pain

What is a unique ocular finding in patients with FAP?

• Hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelial cells

• Retinal detachment

• Glaucoma

• Cataracts

Which type of cancer is NOT associated with FAP?

• Small bowel carcinoma

• Thyroid cancer

• Pancreatic cancer

• Lung cancer

What is the primary method for diagnosing familial adenomatous polyposis?

• Genetic testing

• Blood test

• Biopsy

• MRI scan

What is a common surgical treatment for FAP to prevent colorectal cancer?

• Appendectomy

• Gastrectomy

• Proctocolectomy

• Cholecystectomy