How Do Trees Survive Winter?

Trees originally evolved in warm climates and were not suited for freezing temperatures. In cold regions, ice crystals can damage tree cells, and bubbles can disrupt water flow in their plumbing systems. To survive, trees developed adaptations like skinnier pipes and sugary sap, which act as antifreeze. These adaptations were initially for drought conditions but proved useful in cold climates. Some trees, like conifers, use strong antifreeze to keep leaves year-round, while others shed leaves to avoid frost damage. These strategies also help in dry tropical climates, with maple syrup being a notable cold adaptation.

What happens to the water in tropical trees when exposed to freezing temperatures?

• It evaporates quickly.

• It remains liquid due to natural antifreeze.

• It forms sharp-edged ice crystals.

• It turns into a gel-like substance.

How do trees prevent air bubbles from forming in their plumbing system during droughts?

• By closing their stomata.

• By developing skinnier pipes.

• By storing extra water in their roots.

• By developing wider pipes.

What is one method trees use to keep their leaves from freezing?

• By increasing leaf size.

• By growing thicker bark.

• By using sugary sap as antifreeze.

• By producing more chlorophyll.

Which type of trees primarily use sugary sap to keep their leaves unfrozen year-round?

• Deciduous trees like maples.

• Evergreen conifers like pines.

• Broadleaf trees like oaks.

• Fruit-bearing trees like apple trees.

Why is sugary sap considered a unique adaptation for cold climates?

• It is only useful in dry climates.

• It helps trees grow faster.

• It is only useful in cold places.

• It makes trees more resistant to pests.