4th Period Earth and Space

What is one of the main reasons scientists study the Sun?

• To determine how old it is

• To understand its effects on Earth and space weather

• To see if life exists on the Sun

• To measure the Sun’s diameter

What element is primarily responsible for nuclear fusion in the Sun?

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Helium

• Carbon

How does nuclear fusion generate energy in the Sun?

• Atoms are split apart, releasing energy

• Carbon atoms break apart and release radiation

• The Sun absorbs energy from nearby planets

• Hydrogen atoms combine to form helium, releasing energy

Which layer of the Sun is the hottest?

• Core

• Photosphere

• Chromosphere

• Corona

Why does the Sun’s corona appear so bright during a solar eclipse?

• The corona generates more heat during an eclipse

• The corona burns at the same temperature as the Sun’s core

• The Sun’s brightness is blocked, allowing the corona to be visible

• Earth’s atmosphere makes the corona appear larger

What cycle affects the number and intensity of sunspots?

• The orbital cycle

• The solar cycle

• The gravitational cycle

• The lunar cycle

How often does the solar cycle occur?

• Every 2 years

• Every 5 years

• Every 11 years

• Every 20 years

How can a coronal mass ejection (CME) impact Earth?

• It increases Earth’s temperature significantly

• It can disrupt communication and power grids

• It changes the tilt of Earth’s axis

• It causes earthquakes

How do scientists monitor solar flares and CMEs?

• Using satellites and space telescopes

• By measuring changes in ocean tides

• By studying volcanic activity on Earth

• By observing planetary alignments

What is the heliosphere?

• The Sun’s magnetic field that extends throughout the solar system

• The visible surface of the Sun

• A region of space where there is no gravity

• The Sun’s atmosphere