La carrera por el cero absoluto: la licuefacción de los gases

The video explores the concept of absolute zero, the temperature at which atomic motion ceases, and the historical pursuit to reach this extreme. It highlights the fierce competition between physicists James Deward and Jaica Kamerlin Hones in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Deward initially succeeded in liquefying hydrogen, achieving temperatures close to absolute zero. However, Hones ultimately triumphed by liquefying helium, earning a Nobel Prize in 1913. Despite these achievements, the quest to reach absolute zero continues.

What is the significance of absolute zero in terms of atomic movement?

• Atoms stop moving completely.

• Atoms change their state of matter.

• Atoms become electrically charged.

• Atoms move at their fastest speed.

Who were the two physicists competing to achieve the lowest temperatures in the late 19th century?

• Marie Curie and Isaac Newton

• Galileo Galilei and Nikola Tesla

• James Deward and Jaica Kamerlin Hones

• Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr

What was the primary focus of Deward and Hones' initial experiments?

• Liquefying carbon dioxide

• Liquefying nitrogen

• Liquefying oxygen

• Liquefying hydrogen

What temperature did Hones achieve by liquefying helium, bringing him close to absolute zero?

• Minus 260 °C

• Minus 269 °C

• Minus 252 °C

• Minus 273 °C

In what year did Hones receive the Nobel Prize for his work on low temperatures?

• 1920

• 1898

• 1913

• 1908