Evolutionary Significance of Cell Communication

Mr. Anderson discusses the evolutionary significance of cell communication, highlighting how cells communicate in both single-celled and multicellular organisms. He uses the symbiotic relationship between Vibrio fischeri and the bobtail squid to illustrate bioluminescence. The video explains signal transduction pathways, such as quorum sensing in bacteria and the fight or flight response in humans, showing how these pathways are conserved through evolution. The video concludes by emphasizing the sophistication of bacterial communication and its similarities to eukaryotic systems.

What is the primary reason the Hawaiian bobtail squid can bioluminesce?

• It has a natural ability to glow.

• It absorbs light from the environment.

• It has bacteria living inside it that enable it to glow.

• It reflects light from the ocean surface.

How do single-celled organisms primarily use cell communication?

• To divide and reproduce.

• To produce energy from sunlight.

• To sense their environment and communicate with other cells.

• To coordinate activities within a multicellular organism.

What triggers the bioluminescence in Vibrio fischeri when they are in a colony?

• The presence of light.

• The production of autoinducers.

• The presence of predators.

• The availability of food.

What enzyme is responsible for the glow in Vibrio fischeri?

• Lipase

• Amylase

• Luciferase

• Protease

What is the role of autoinducers in quorum sensing?

• They protect bacteria from predators.

• They provide energy to bacteria.

• They trigger a signal transduction pathway.

• They help bacteria move.

Which system in eukaryotes is most similar to bacterial communication?

• Nervous system

• Endocrine system

• Digestive system

• Respiratory system

What is the function of epinephrine in the fight or flight response?

• It calms the body down.

• It triggers the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.

• It helps in digestion.

• It causes muscle relaxation.