Partial Pressures & Vapor Pressure: Crash Course Chemistry

The video uses an analogy of adults and children at a party to explain gas behavior, introducing John Dalton's contributions to gas laws, particularly the law of partial pressures. It demonstrates calculating total pressure in a scuba tank and collecting gas over water, concluding with an experiment to measure CO2. The video emphasizes understanding gas behavior through Dalton's laws and practical examples.

What is the main analogy used to explain gas behavior in the first section?

• Rocks in a river and leaves in the wind

• Birds flying and fish swimming

• Cars in traffic and bicycles on a path

• Adults at a formal dinner and children at a birthday party

Who was the first person to use real science to figure out what atoms are and how they behave?

• Marie Curie

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

• John Dalton

What does Dalton's law of partial pressures state?

• The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.

• The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the individual pressures of each gas.

• The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.

• The total pressure of a gas mixture is the product of the individual pressures of each gas.

In the scuba tank example, what is the total pressure inside the tank?

• 1,250 kilopascals

• 1,000 kilopascals

• 980 kilopascals

• 270 kilopascals

What is the mole fraction of a gas in a mixture?

• The ratio of the gas's volume to the total volume

• The ratio of the gas's moles to the total moles

• The ratio of the gas's temperature to the total temperature

• The ratio of the gas's pressure to the total pressure

What is the process of collecting a gas over water called?

• Gas condensation

• Gas collection over water

• Gas absorption

• Gas diffusion

Why do we need to subtract the vapor pressure of water when collecting gas over water?

• To calculate the gas's density

• To find the pressure exerted by the collected gas

• To determine the gas's volume

• To account for the water's temperature

What chemical reaction occurs when vinegar and baking soda are combined?

• Formation of sodium chloride and water

• Formation of sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water

• Formation of carbon monoxide and water

• Formation of sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide

How much carbon dioxide was collected in the experiment?

• 3.7 moles

• 0.37 moles

• 0.037 moles

• 0.0037 moles

What is the molar mass of carbon dioxide used in the experiment?

• 44 grams per mole

• 32 grams per mole

• 18 grams per mole

• 28 grams per mole