TED-Ed: Who was Confucius? - Bryan W. Van Norden

Confucius, a renowned Chinese philosopher, lived during the chaotic 6th century BCE. Despite his noble birth, he was raised in poverty, which shaped his empathy for common people. With the help of a wealthy friend, he studied ancient texts, forming his belief that character is developed through family and education. Confucius served as an advisor but resigned due to political corruption. He traveled, promoting governance through ethical charisma rather than force. His teachings emphasized family loyalty and moral integrity. Though he faced hardships, Confucius remained optimistic, believing in a divine plan. His disciples compiled his teachings into 'The Analects,' influencing millions worldwide. His core teaching, 'Do not inflict upon others what you do not want,' remains relevant today.

What was the primary influence on Confucius's early sympathy for the common people?

• His travels across China

• His upbringing in poverty

• His education at the royal archives

• His noble birth

According to Confucius, what is the foundation of human character?

• Wealth and status

• Family and education

• Political influence

• Military power

Why did Confucius resign from his position as an advisor in Lu?

• He was offered a better position elsewhere

• He disagreed with the ruler's indulgence in distractions

• He wanted to travel and spread his teachings

• He was forced out by political rivals

What did Confucius believe about the role of a good ruler?

• A ruler should inspire others through ethical charisma

• A ruler should prioritize military strength

• A ruler should focus on economic growth

• A ruler should use harsh punishments to maintain order

What is the central idea of Confucius's teachings as summarized by himself?

• Seek knowledge and power

• Do not inflict upon others what you do not want for yourself

• Virtue is found in wealth and status

• Family duties are secondary to state obligations