Control of Breathing

Breathing is primarily an involuntary process controlled by the brain's respiratory center, though it can be consciously controlled. The brain receives feedback from receptors in the arteries that sense pH and gas levels, such as carbon dioxide. When carbon dioxide levels rise, the brain signals the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to increase breathing rate and depth, balancing oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. Resting respiration rates vary but can change quickly due to activity, fear, or stress.

Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling breathing?

• Medulla oblongata

• Cerebrum

• Respiratory center

• Cerebellum

What triggers the brain to adjust the breathing rate?

• Blood pressure

• Oxygen levels in the lungs

• Carbon dioxide levels in the blood

• Heart rate

How do increased carbon dioxide levels affect breathing?

• Only affect breathing during sleep

• Increase the rate and depth of breathing

• Have no effect on breathing

• Decrease the rate of breathing

What is the typical range for resting respiration rate?

• 5 to 10 breaths per minute

• 12 to 25 breaths per minute

• 20 to 30 breaths per minute

• 30 to 40 breaths per minute

Which factors can quickly alter the resting respiration rate?

• Age and gender

• Time of day

• Changes in activity, fear, or stress

• Diet and nutrition