TED-Ed: The hidden network that makes the internet possible - Sajan Saini

The video explores the evolution of data transmission from copper wires to fiber optics, highlighting the advantages of fiber optics in terms of speed and efficiency. It explains the principle of total internal reflection, which allows light to travel through glass fibers. The video also discusses the challenges of cloud computing and bandwidth demand, and introduces integrated photonics as a solution. This technology uses silicon wires and photonic chips to enhance data transmission and overcome wireless limitations, paving the way for faster and more efficient connectivity.

What is the primary advantage of using fiber optics over copper wires for data transmission?

• Fiber optics are easier to install than copper wires.

• Copper wires are more durable than fiber optics.

• Fiber optics can transmit data using light pulses, which is faster and more efficient.

• Fiber optics are cheaper to produce.

How does total internal reflection contribute to the functionality of fiber optics?

• It reflects light back to its source.

• It traps light within the fiber, enabling it to travel long distances.

• It allows light to pass through the fiber without any loss.

• It disperses light evenly across the fiber.

What is one of the main challenges associated with cloud computing?

• Lack of storage space.

• High heat waste and bandwidth demand.

• Inability to connect to the internet.

• Limited access to data centers.

How do photonic chips improve data center efficiency?

• By using more electrical cables.

• By converting electrical signals to optical signals, reducing heat waste.

• By increasing the size of data centers.

• By decreasing the speed of data transmission.

What is a limitation of terahertz frequencies in data transmission?

• They require large antennas.

• They are absorbed by moisture and blocked by buildings.

• They are too slow for modern applications.

• They are incompatible with current devices.

What role do photonic chips play in enhancing wireless connectivity?

• They eliminate the need for optical fibers.

• They reduce the cost of wireless networks.

• They enable the use of terahertz frequencies for faster data transmission.

• They increase the size of wireless devices.

How has the role of light evolved in human history according to the video?

• From being a source of illumination to being used in lasers.

• From being a natural phenomenon to being used in photography.

• From being a source of energy to being used in solar panels.

• From providing heat to being used in fiber optics for data transmission.