Exchange and transport systems in animals

The video explains how large multicellular organisms have evolved specialized exchange surfaces and transport systems to efficiently exchange gases and nutrients with the environment. It highlights the limitations of diffusion in large organisms due to a small surface area to volume ratio and describes adaptations like lungs and intestines that increase surface area for diffusion. The video also covers the role of transport systems in moving substances around the body.

Why can't large multicellular organisms rely solely on diffusion for oxygen transport?

• They have a small surface area to volume ratio.

• They do not require oxygen.

• They have a large surface area to volume ratio.

• Diffusion is too fast for their needs.

What is the primary function of alveoli in mammalian lungs?

• To store oxygen temporarily.

• To produce carbon dioxide.

• To increase the surface area for gas exchange.

• To filter out dust particles.

How do lungs maintain a concentration gradient for efficient gas exchange?

• By reducing blood supply.

• By storing large amounts of oxygen.

• By being ventilated through breathing.

• By having a thick diffusion barrier.

What role does the circulatory system play after substances have diffused into the body?

• It stores nutrients for later use.

• It prevents diffusion from occurring.

• It transports substances to where they are needed.

• It breaks down waste products.

Why is it important for large organisms to have short diffusion distances?

• To reduce the need for a circulatory system.

• To decrease the rate of diffusion.

• To store more oxygen.

• To increase the rate of diffusion.