Electron Orbitals and Energy Levels

The video tutorial explains how electrons are arranged in atoms, focusing on the principle energy levels and sub-levels (s, p, d, f) to achieve the lowest energy state. It details the energy hierarchy of orbitals within these sub-levels and provides examples of electron configurations for hydrogen and oxygen, illustrating how electrons fill orbitals to minimize energy.

What is the primary reason electrons fill principle energy levels or shells?

• To achieve the highest possible energy

• To achieve the lowest possible energy

• To balance the atom's charge

• To increase the atom's mass

Which sub-level has the lowest energy?

• p sub-level

• s sub-level

• f sub-level

• d sub-level

How many electrons can each orbital hold?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

Where does the single electron of hydrogen reside?

• In the 2s orbital

• In the 3d orbital

• In the 1s orbital

• In the 2p orbital

How are the eight electrons of oxygen distributed in its orbitals?

• Eight in 2p

• Two in 1s, six in 2p

• Four in 1s, four in 2p

• Two in 1s, two in 2s, four in 2p