The Simple Molecule Behind Our Complex Universe

Molecular hydrogen (H2) played a crucial role in the formation of the universe by cooling gas clouds, allowing gravity to form stars and galaxies. Despite its abundance, H2 was only detected in space in 1970 using UV-sensitive technology. Today, H2 continues to influence star formation and the evolution of the universe, providing insights into where new stars are born and their characteristics.

What would the universe be like if it hadn't cooled down after the Big Bang?

• Full of black holes

• Full of planets

• Full of hot swirling gas

• Full of stars and galaxies

What is molecular hydrogen also known as?

• H1

• H2

• H3

• H4

How does molecular hydrogen help in star formation?

• By preventing gas clouds from collapsing

• By cooling gas clouds to allow them to collapse

• By creating more gas particles

• By increasing the temperature of gas clouds

When was molecular hydrogen first detected in space?

• 1970

• 1960

• 1980

• 1990

What technology did George Carruthers develop to detect H2 in space?

• Microwave detector

• Infrared telescope

• X-ray camera

• UV-sensitive camera

What do astronomers use as a proxy to map H2 in space?

• Oxygen

• Carbon monoxide

• Nitrogen

• Helium

How does the concentration of H2 affect star formation?

• It affects the speed of light

• It influences the mass and type of stars

• It determines the color of stars

• It changes the chemical composition of stars