The New Chemistry: Crash Course History of Science

The video explores the scientific revolution, focusing on chemistry's late development during the Enlightenment. It highlights the shift from phlogiston theory to Lavoisier's quantitative approach, emphasizing the role of the encyclopedia and the establishment of measurement standards. Lavoisier's contributions, including the identification of oxygen and the development of a new chemical nomenclature, are discussed. The video concludes with Lavoisier's legacy and the continued evolution of chemistry.

What was the main reason for the delayed scientific revolution in chemistry?

• Lack of interest in scientific research

• Dependence on phlogiston theory

• Absence of scientific tools

• Political instability in Europe

Which philosopher is most associated with the Enlightenment's shift towards scientific rationality?

• Thomas Kuhn

• Francis Bacon

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• René Descartes

What was the primary goal of the encyclopedia created during the Enlightenment?

• To support political propaganda

• To promote religious teachings

• To organize all human knowledge

• To entertain the masses

What was the phlogiston theory's explanation for combustion?

• Absorption of carbon dioxide

• Release of phlogiston

• Absorption of phlogiston

• Release of oxygen

Who is credited with transforming chemistry into a quantitative science?

• Joseph Priestley

• John Dalton

• Joseph Fourier

• Antoine Lavoisier

What was one of Lavoisier's significant contributions to chemistry?

• Development of the periodic table

• Invention of the barometer

• Creation of a new chemical nomenclature

• Discovery of the greenhouse effect

What was the fate of Lavoisier during the French Revolution?

• He was executed

• He fled to England

• He was imprisoned

• He was exiled

How did Madame Lavoisier contribute to her husband's legacy?

• By conducting experiments

• By translating his works

• By inventing new instruments

• By teaching chemistry

What did John Dalton propose about chemical elements?

• They are continuous fluids

• They are indivisible particles

• They are made of phlogiston

• They are composed of caloric

What scientific concept did Joseph Fourier discover?

• The atomic theory

• The greenhouse effect

• The theory of relativity

• The law of gravity