Introduction to Raynaud’s Phenomenon (Syndrome) | Pathophysiology, Triggers, Symptoms, Treatment

The video tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of Raynaud's phenomenon, discussing its definition, prevalence, risk factors, and pathophysiology. It differentiates between primary and secondary types, highlighting associated conditions and causes. The tutorial also covers the signs and symptoms of Raynaud's attacks, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options, including both conservative and pharmacological approaches. The video aims to educate viewers on understanding, diagnosing, and managing Raynaud's phenomenon effectively.

What is the estimated prevalence of Raynaud's Phenomenon in females?

• 3 to 20%

• 10 to 30%

• 5 to 15%

• 1 to 5%

Which of the following is a risk factor for Raynaud's Phenomenon?

• Being male

• African descent

• Older age

• Family history

What is the primary cause of vasoconstriction in Raynaud's Phenomenon?

• Increased blood flow

• Excessive vasodilation

• Exaggerated response to cold and stress

• Lack of emotional stress

Which type of Raynaud's is idiopathic?

• Primary Raynaud's

• Secondary Raynaud's

• Tertiary Raynaud's

• Quaternary Raynaud's

Which autoimmune condition is the most common cause of secondary Raynaud's?

• Lupus

• Scleroderma

• Sjogren's syndrome

• Rheumatoid arthritis

What does the mnemonic 'COLD HAND' help to remember?

• Risk factors for Raynaud's

• Symptoms of Raynaud's

• Causes of Secondary Raynaud's

• Treatment options for Raynaud's

What is a common trigger for Raynaud's attacks?

• Cold temperatures

• High humidity

• Physical exercise

• Warm temperatures

Which color change is associated with the ischemic phase of a Raynaud's attack?

• Red

• Blue

• White

• Green

What is a conservative method to manage Raynaud's Phenomenon?

• Increase stress levels

• Use beta blockers

• Avoid cold exposure

• Increase caffeine intake

Which medication is used for treating Raynaud's Phenomenon?

• Amlodipine

• Ibuprofen

• Paracetamol

• Aspirin