Migraine Headache (Overview) | Pathophysiology, Triggers, Phases, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

The video tutorial covers migraine headaches, including their risk factors, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It explains the pathophysiology of migraines, detailing the phases they go through: prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome. The video also outlines diagnostic criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders and discusses both abortive and preventive treatment options, emphasizing lifestyle modifications and medication use.

What percentage of the general population is estimated to be affected by migraine headaches?

• 5-10%

• 10-15%

• 15-20%

• 20-25%

Which of the following is NOT a known trigger for migraine headaches?

• Regular exercise

• Chocolate

• Bright lights

• Monosodium glutamate

What is the role of vasoactive neuropeptides in migraine headaches?

• They cause vasoconstriction.

• They reduce inflammation.

• They block serotonin receptors.

• They lead to abnormal vasodilation.

Which phase of a migraine is characterized by sensitivity to light and sound?

• Prodrome

• Aura

• Headache

• Postdrome

During which phase of a migraine might a patient experience visual disturbances?

• Postdrome

• Headache

• Prodrome

• Aura

How many attacks are required to diagnose a migraine without aura according to ICHD-3 criteria?

• 2

• 5

• 3

• 4

What is a key difference in diagnosing migraines with aura compared to those without?

• Intensity of headache

• Duration of headache

• Presence of visual or sensory symptoms

• Number of attacks required

Which medication class is NOT recommended for patients with cardiovascular disease?

• Triptans

• NSAIDs

• Calcium channel blockers

• Beta blockers

What is the primary goal of preventive therapies for migraines?

• To reduce the frequency and severity of future migraines

• To eliminate all migraine symptoms

• To treat associated nausea and vomiting

• To stop a migraine once it starts

Which of the following is a lifestyle modification that can help manage migraines?

• Increasing caffeine intake

• Reducing sleep duration

• Avoiding physical activity

• Identifying and avoiding triggers