Theories of evolution Lamarck vs Darwin

The video explores the evolution theories of Jean Baptiste Lamarck and Charles Darwin. Lamarck proposed that animals adapt during their lifetimes and pass these changes to offspring. Darwin, after his voyage on the HMS Beagle, developed the theory of natural selection, where traits are passed without modification, and nature selects the fittest variants. Darwin's ideas were published after Alfred Russell Wallace independently conceived a similar theory.

According to Lamarck's theory, how do animals adapt to their environment?

• Through divine intervention

• By acquiring traits during their lifetime and passing them on

• Through genetic mutations over generations

• By random chance and environmental factors

What would Lamarck predict about the offspring of animals that frequently use one limb more than the other?

• The offspring would have a stronger limb on the opposite side

• The offspring would have no noticeable differences

• The offspring would have overdeveloped limbs on the used side

• The offspring would have underdeveloped limbs on the used side

What was a key difference between Lamarck's and Darwin's theories?

• Lamarck focused on genetic variation, Darwin did not

• Darwin believed in the inheritance of acquired traits, Lamarck did not

• Lamarck believed in natural selection, Darwin did not

• Darwin believed traits were passed unchanged, Lamarck did not

How did Darwin define 'fitness' in the context of natural selection?

• The ability to survive and reproduce

• The capacity to adapt traits during one's lifetime

• The ability to run faster than predators

• The strength to dominate other species

What role does variation play in Darwin's theory of natural selection?

• It is a result of natural selection

• It provides the basis for natural selection to act upon

• It is irrelevant to the process

• It hinders the process of evolution