Julius Caesar 2.1 Historical Reference: Julian Calendar

The video explains how Shakespeare's audience understood celestial movements better than we do today. It discusses how the sun's position changes with seasons and how star positions can indicate time if the date is known. The Roman lunar calendar, which was 10 days short of a solar year, required adjustments to align with the solar year. This led to date variability, such as the Ides of March falling between January and May. Julius Caesar, after learning from Egyptian scientists, implemented the Julian calendar, which closely resembles the modern calendar with 365 days and a leap year every four years.

Why does the sun rise directly in the east only during equinoxes?

• Because the Earth's axis is tilted

• Because the sun's path is circular

• Because the Earth's orbit is elliptical

• Because the sun's path is straight

What is required to accurately tell time by the stars?

• Knowing the time of sunrise

• Knowing the position of the sun

• Knowing the exact date

• Knowing the position of the moon

How many days did the Roman lunar calendar have?

• 370 days

• 365 days

• 360 days

• 355 days

Who was responsible for adjusting the Roman calendar?

• The Consul

• The Pontifex Maximus

• The Emperor

• The Roman Senate

What major change did Julius Caesar implement in the Roman calendar?

• He introduced a 10-day week

• He reduced the number of months

• He added a month every year

• He introduced the Julian calendar with a leap year