Cations at Work: Shaping Ionic Bonds

The video tutorial explains factors influencing cation formation, focusing on low ionization energy, charge, atomic size, and octet configuration. It highlights how low ionization energy and large atomic size facilitate cation formation, using potassium and cesium as examples. The tutorial also discusses the inverse relationship between ionic bond character and cation charge, with sodium ions forming more easily than magnesium or aluminum ions. Finally, it emphasizes the stability of cations with octet configurations, comparing magnesium and calcium ions to zinc ions.

Why does potassium form cations more easily than sodium?

• Sodium has a lower ionization energy.

• Sodium has a larger atomic size.

• Potassium has a lower ionization energy.

• Potassium has a higher ionization energy.

Which ion is easier to form due to its lower positive charge?

• Magnesium ion

• Aluminum ion

• Sodium ion

• Calcium ion

What makes the formation of magnesium chloride more difficult compared to sodium chloride?

• Magnesium requires two ionization potentials.

• Magnesium has a lower ionization energy.

• Sodium has a higher atomic size.

• Sodium forms a dipositive ion.

How does atomic size affect the formation of cations?

• Larger atomic size makes cation formation easier.

• Larger atomic size makes cation formation harder.

• Smaller atomic size makes cation formation easier.

• Atomic size has no effect on cation formation.

Why can cesium form cations more easily than lithium?

• Lithium has a lower ionization energy.

• Lithium has a larger atomic size.

• Cesium has a smaller atomic size.

• Cesium has a larger atomic size.

What configuration makes cations highly stable?

• Having 6 electrons in the valence shell

• Having 8 electrons in the valence shell

• Having 10 electrons in the valence shell

• Having 12 electrons in the valence shell

Why is calcium chloride more easily formed than zinc chloride?

• Calcium has a pseudo octet configuration.

• Zinc has a stable octet configuration.

• Zinc has a larger atomic size.

• Calcium has a stable octet configuration.