Reinforcement Theory

Reinforcement theory explains how behavior is influenced by its consequences, categorizing behavior as desirable or undesirable. Desirable behavior is reinforced through positive or negative reinforcement, while undesirable behavior is managed through extinction or punishment. The theory also explores reinforcement schedules, including continuous, fixed ratio, fixed interval, and variable ratio schedules. These concepts are applied in organizational settings through behavioral modification, which involves identifying behaviors, setting baselines, and implementing interventions to modify behavior effectively.

What is the primary focus of reinforcement theory?

• The frequency of behavior

• The origin of behavior

• The consequences that follow behavior

• The inherent nature of behavior

Which type of reinforcement involves adding a positive element to encourage behavior?

• Punishment

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Extinction

What does a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement depend on?

• The intensity of behavior

• The type of behavior

• The number of behavior instances

• The time elapsed

In a variable ratio schedule, how is reinforcement applied?

• At fixed intervals

• Continuously

• Randomly

• After a set number of behaviors

What is the first step in organizational behavior modification?

• Identifying the behavior

• Setting a baseline

• Identifying antecedents

• Implementing interventions