Cellular Variation

The video discusses cellular variation, emphasizing that variety is crucial for adaptation. It covers chlorophyll's role in photosynthesis, phospholipids' function in temperature adaptation, and the genetic concept of heterozygous advantage using sickle cell disease as an example. The video also explores gene duplication as a mechanism for evolutionary novelty, highlighting the antifreeze protein in eel pouts.

Why are plants typically green in color?

• They reflect green light.

• They absorb green light.

• They produce green pigments.

• They lack chlorophyll.

What is the primary role of phospholipids in cell membranes?

• To store energy

• To facilitate movement of materials

• To provide structural support

• To conduct electrical signals

How do unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids help plants like winter wheat?

• By enhancing photosynthesis

• By increasing energy storage

• By attracting more sunlight

• By preventing membrane freezing

What is the advantage of being heterozygous for the sickle cell gene?

• Faster growth rate

• Increased oxygen transport

• Improved immune response

• Resistance to malaria

Why is the sickle cell trait more common in populations from Africa?

• It increases lifespan.

• It improves cognitive abilities.

• It enhances physical strength.

• It provides resistance to malaria.

What is the significance of gene duplication in evolution?

• It prevents mutations.

• It speeds up natural selection.

• It allows genes to take on new functions.

• It reduces genetic diversity.

How do antifreeze proteins in fish like the eel pout evolve?

• Through gene duplication

• Through environmental adaptation

• Through dietary changes

• Through natural selection