Surface anatomy of the head and neck

This tutorial explores the surface anatomy landmarks of the head and neck, essential for clinicians and artists. It covers facial features, the mandible, muscles of mastication, the cranium, and the neck. Key landmarks include the nasal bones, superciliary arches, zygomatic arches, and the temporomandibular joint. The tutorial also discusses the external occipital protuberance and nuchal lines, highlighting their clinical relevance. The neck section focuses on the laryngeal prominence and the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. The tutorial concludes with a recap of the landmarks discussed.

Why are surface anatomy landmarks important for clinicians?

• They help in identifying the right spot for surgery.

• They are used to create artistic portraits.

• They are only important for aesthetic purposes.

• They are used to diagnose internal diseases.

Which structure gives the nose its shape and structure?

• Nasal cartilages

• Zygomatic bones

• Mandible

• Frontal sinuses

What is the function of the superciliary arches?

• They indicate the position of the frontal sinuses.

• They help in jaw movement.

• They are part of the ear structure.

• They form the shape of the cheeks.

What are the zygomatic arches responsible for?

• Defining the forehead

• Supporting the ear lobes

• Creating the structure of the cheeks

• Forming the shape of the nose

Which muscle is involved in mastication and can be palpated when clenching teeth?

• Masseter

• Sternocleidomastoid

• Epicranius

• Trapezius

What is the role of the temporalis muscle?

• It supports the ear structure.

• It forms the shape of the temple.

• It helps in eye movement.

• It is involved in neck movement.

Where is the mastoid process located?

• Behind the ear

• At the chin

• On the forehead

• In front of the ear

What is the function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?

• It allows movement of the jaw.

• It supports the nasal structure.

• It forms the shape of the forehead.

• It connects the ear to the skull.

Which landmark serves as an attachment site for the trapezius muscle?

• External occipital protuberance

• Zygomatic arch

• Mandible

• Nasal bone

What is the Adam's apple more formally known as?

• Cricoid cartilage

• Trapezius muscle

• Laryngeal prominence

• Thyroid gland