High Phosphate (Hyperphosphatemia): Dietary Sources, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

The video tutorial covers hyperphosphatemia, its causes, symptoms, and treatment. It explains how phosphate is absorbed and regulated in the body, the role of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, and the normal serum phosphate levels. The causes of hyperphosphatemia are categorized into acute phosphate loads, decreased renal excretion, metabolic conditions, and medications. Clinical features include ectopic calcification and symptoms of hypocalcemia. Treatment options include dietary changes, phosphate binders, and hemodialysis for severe cases.

What is the primary dietary source of phosphate?

• Dairy products

• Fruits

• Vegetables

• Nuts

Which hormone helps in the absorption of phosphate in the small intestine?

• Insulin

• Parathyroid hormone

• Calcitonin

• Vitamin D

What is considered hyperphosphatemia in terms of serum phosphate levels?

• Above 4.5 mg/dL

• Between 3.0 and 4.5 mg/dL

• Exactly 4.5 mg/dL

• Below 3.0 mg/dL

Which condition is NOT a cause of acute phosphate load?

• Rhabdomyolysis

• Tumor lysis syndrome

• Chronic kidney disease

• Hemolysis

Which medication can lead to hyperphosphatemia due to its phosphate content?

• Fosphenytoin

• Aspirin

• Metformin

• Ibuprofen

What is pseudohyperphosphatemia?

• A true increase in blood phosphate levels

• A laboratory error in measuring phosphate levels

• A condition caused by high calcium levels

• A result of vitamin D deficiency

What is a common symptom of severe hyperphosphatemia?

• Hypotension

• Ectopic calcification

• Hyperglycemia

• Anemia

Which condition is associated with soft-tissue calcification?

• Hypertension

• Chronic kidney disease

• Hyperlipidemia

• Diabetes

What is a potential treatment for chronic hyperphosphatemia with normal kidney function?

• Phosphate binders

• Increased vitamin D intake

• High phosphate diet

• Diuretics

In cases of acute hyperphosphatemia with reduced kidney function, what treatment might be necessary?

• Insulin therapy

• Calcium supplements

• Hemodialysis

• Increased fluid intake